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Environmental Technology Research Network
in the Asia-Pacific Region

DB for Research Project
Category(1) : Hazardous substances
Category(2) : Reaction mechanism


  1. Project Name
  2. Duration
  3. Research Catagory 1
  4. Research Catagory 2
  5. Research Field
  6. Researchers
  7. Affiliation 1
  8. Affiliation 2
  9. Address
  10. Country
  11. Phone
  12. Fax
  13. Project Summary
  14. Publications
  15. International Joint Study with

Korea Institute of Energy Research(KIER), Korea

  1. Development of Gas Decomposition Technology Using Microwave Energy
  2. 1994-1996
  3. Air, Hazardous Substances(SOx,NOx,etc.)
  4. Reaction Mechanism, Gas Decomposition Process Development, countermeasures
  5. Chemical Engineering
  6. Dae-Hyun SHIN, Woo-Young SONG, Jae-Kyung WOO, Dong-Chan KIM, Sang-Guk KIM, Nam-Sun ROH, Kwang-Ho KIM, Gye-Shik KANG
  7. Wastes Pyrolysis Research Team, Energy&Environment Research Department
  8. KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research), MOST(Ministry of Science and=Technology)
  9. 71-2 Jang-dong, Yusong-ku, Taejon 305-343
  10. Korea
  11. 82-42-860-3630
  12. 82-42-860-3134
  13. The objective of this study is to develop a process using microwave energy, by which various hazardous gases generated in industrieas can be treated. Especially, the primary target of this study is to develop a dry process by which NOx and SOx can be treated simultaneously from stack and to develop a process by which hazardous gases such as halogen compounds, HCN, H2S, etc., generated in chemical process, can be treated.
  14. 1) Dae-Hyun Shin et al., Pyrolytic Incineration of Plastics and Heat Recovery, Proceedings of Energy Reservation Technology Workshop, Nov.2-4,Yusong Hotel,Taejon,pp.291-304,1995
  1. Thermal enegy recovery from waste by cyclonic incinerator
  2. 1994-1996
  3. hazardous subustances
  4. reaction mechanism, measurement
  5. engineering
  6. Eung-Kwon SHON, Si-Hoon LEE, Ju-Soo HYUN
  7. Low Emission Combustion Div. Department of Energy Conversion
  8. KIER
  9. 71-2 Jang-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejon, 305-343
  10. Korea
  11. 82-42-860-3450
  12. 82-42-860-3302
  13. This study aims at establishing incinerating technologies that are needed to reduce a toxic gas release from stack during the industrial liquid waste burning.

National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research(NIMC), Japan

  1. Advanced wastewater treatment for removal of arsenic and lead
  2. 1996-1999
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. counter measures, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry, engineering
  6. Masahito SATO, Shuzo TOKUNAGA, Akira UCHIUMI, Kazuhisa HIRATANI
  7. Process Synthesis Lab., Dept. of Chemical Systems,Inorganic Analysis Lab., Dept. of Analytical Chemistry,Dept. of Organic Materials
  8. NIMC, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-6343
  12. 81-298-61-6232
  13. To meet the amended effluent standards for arsenic and lead, a new advanced process is developed using rare-earth based materials and complexation agents.
  14. S.A. Wasay, et al, Adsorption of fluoride, phosphate and arsenate ions on lanthanum-impregnated silica gel, Water Environment Research, 68(3), 295-300 (1996).
  1. New Advanced Techniques for Treatment of Solid Industrial Wastes Containing Hazardous Chemicals
  2. 1995-1999
  3. solid, hazardous substances, wastes
  4. counter measures, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry, engineering
  6. Haruo TAKAYA, Akira UCHIUMI,Shuzo TOKUNAGA
  7. Inorganic Analysis Lab., Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Process Synthesis Lab., Dept. of Chemical Systems.
  8. NIMC, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-6343
  12. 81-298-61-6232
  13. To design and synthesize treatment agents, which are harmless to environment and have no cellular toxicity, in order to collect/recover selectively only toxic substances such as heavy metals in solid industrial wastes.
  1. Study on Treatment of Toxic Wastes using Explosive Reaction
  2. 1996-2000
  3. wastes, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanism
  5. engineering, chemistry
  6. Takehiro MATSUNAGA, Mitsuaki IIDA, Tomoharu MATSUMURA, Yoshio NAKAYAMA, Masatake YOSHIDA, Shuzo FUJIWARA
  7. Energetic Materials Lab., Dept. of Advanced Chemical Technology
  8. NIMC, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-4792
  12. 81-298-61-4793
  13. Energetic materials like explosives generate high energy under very rapid reaction (detonation). In the reaction zone, pressure may reach hundreds of thousands of atms and temperature may reach thousands of degrees. The aim of this study is to utilize explosive reaction to destruction of toxic and incombustible wastes in solid and/or liquid state, and to develop a quite new technology of waste treatment with explosives.

National Institute for Resources and Environment(NIRE), Japan

  1. Characterization and photochemical ractions of organic compounds in aerosols
  2. 1995-1997
  3. air, atmosphere, hazardous substances, particles
  4. characterization, reaction mechanism, measurement, fate
  5. chemistry, physical chemistry, mass spectrometry, reaction mechanism
  6. Takesige WAKABAYASHI, Yukio SHIMIZU
  7. Excited States chemistry Div., Atmospheric Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8260
  12. 81-298-61-8258
  13. Detection and analysis of organic compounds on aerosols and find processes of their fate in the atmospheric environment.
  14. 1) J.J.GAUMET,A.WAKISAKA,Y.SHIMIZU,and Y.TAMORI,Energetics for Carbon Clusters produced directly by Laser Vaporization of Graphite:J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.,89,1667-1670,1993
    2) A.WAKISAKA,J.J.GAUMET,Y.SHIMIZU,Y.TAMORI,H.SATO and K.TOKUMARU,Growth of Carbon Clusters:J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.,89,1001-1005,1993
  1. VOC ( Volatile Organic Compounds ) Decomposition in Plasma
  2. 1994-1996
  3. air, hazardous substances
  4. counter measures, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry, electrostatics
  6. Shigeru FUTAMURA, Aihua ZHANG, Yukio SHIMIZU
  7. Excited State Chemistry Division, Atmospheric Environmental Protection Department
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8266
  12. 81-298-61-8409
  13. The goal of this research is to elucidate mechanisms for plasma chemical decomposition of VOCs and clarify the effects of reaction parameters such as background gas, residence time, field strength, and input energy density on decomposition efficiencies and product distributions. The data obtained to date show that the initial steps for VOC decomposition proceed homolytically via energy transfer from hot electrons in nonthermal plasma media, independent of electron affinities of VOCs. VOC decomposition efficiencies increase with the magnitudes of field strength and input energy density. Active oxygen species partly promote initial VOC decomposition, but its contribution is much smaller than its nonoxidative decomposition. Product distributions are greatly affected by background gas and humidification. Better carbon recoveries and lower organic byproduct yields are obtained due to promoted autoxidation of intermediate radicals derived from VOC docomposition. Water promotes monooxygen transfer in plasma, accelerating alcohol formation from paraffins, epoxidation of olefins, and oxidation of CO to CO2D
  14. 1) Shigeru Futamura, et al., Towards Understanding of VOC Decomposition Mechanisms Using Nonthermal Plasma, Proc., IEEE-IAS Annual Meeting, Orlando, 1453-1458,1995
  1. Elucidation of Material Cycle in Coasl Environment and Development of Monitoring Techniques 2 1994-1998
  3. water, ocean, hazardous substances, sediments
  4. measurement, fate, monitoring, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry
  6. Akira MIYAZAKI, Kenji BANSHO, Mamoru TOMINAGA, Hiroaki TAO, Akira KIMURA, Takashi IMAGAWA, Nobuyoshi YAMASHITA
  7. Water Analysis Lab, Hydrospheric Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8338
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. The objectives of this project are to use artificial chemical substances, rare earth metals, heavy metals and lead isotopes as tracers to investigate the material cycle in the coastal environments and to develop analytical techniques and monitoring technique. Based on three-dimensional analysis of the tracers, the transition in the flow of substances into the marine environments in recent years and behavior in the environment will be elucidated.
  14. 1)Nobuyoshi Yamashita, Ultra-trace level measurement of non-orhto planar PCBs in sea water using in situ filtrate/adsorption water sampler, Journal of NIRE, 4, 4, 315(1995)
  15. Kiel Univ.,Germany
  1. Control Techniques of Hazardous By-products in Industrial Waste Incineration
  2. 1993-1996
  3. wastes, hazardous substances
  4. measurement, fate, monitoring, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry, engineering, toxicology
  6. Mamoru TOMINAGA, Takashi IMAGAWA
  7. Water Analysis Lab, Hydrospheric Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8338
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. The objectives of this research are to clarify for generation mechanisms of hazardous compounds in the combustion process, and to develop the proper incineration techniques for the industrial waste that contained halogenated organic compounds.
  14. 1)Takashi Imagawa et. al., Isomer Specific Analysis of Tetra- and pentachloronaphthalene in Fly Ash and halowax,J. Envir. Chem., 3,2,221-230,1993 2)Takashi Imagawa et. al., Determination of Congener Composion of halowax Using an Atomic Emission Detector,Bunseki Kagaku, 43, 629-633
  1. Microwave-assisted Treatment Technique for Hazardous Organic Air Pollutants
  2. 1996-2000
  3. air, hazardous substances
  4. counter measures, reaction mechanism, other (materials)
  5. engineering, chemistry
  6. Ikuo TAMORI, Koichi MIZUNO, Satoshi KUSHIYAMA, Satoru KOBAYASHI, Atsushi OGATA, Hiroshi YAGITA
  7. Environmental Technology Lab., Atmospheric Environment Protection Dept.,
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8273
  12. 81-298-61-8259
  13. Selective adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene and toluene on zeolites from gas mixtures containing water or other hydrophilic substances is controlled by microwave irradiation. Catalysis-assisted plasma decomposition of VOCs and other organic hazardous substances is also investigated.
  14. 1)Satoru Kobayashi et. al., Study of Adsorption Isotherm for Chlorofluorocarbons on Zeolites, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 1994, 828.
    2) Toshiaki Yamamoto, Koichi Mizuno, Atsushi Ogata, et. al., Catalysis-Assisited Plasma Technology gor Carbon Tetrachloride Destruction, IEEE-IAS Ann. Conf., 1994.
  1. Removal of Trihalomethane Precoursors from Refractory Colored Wastewater
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanism, counter measures
  5. chemistry,
  6. Akira MIYAZAKI, Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI, Toshihiro NAKAI, Yoshio SATOH, Hiroshi SAKAMOTO, Nobuyuki KIKUKAWA, Katsunori KOSUGE
  7. Advanced Water Treatment Div., Hydrospheric Environment Protection Dept.,Siliceous Meterials Div., Materials Processing Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8322
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. Refractory colored water has a complex in composition and contains a variety of components such as dyestuffs and surfactants. These components are thought to have possibly a high trialomethane formation power and must be highly treated to protect hydrosperic environment, especially reservoir. The aim of this study is to investigate the relashionship between the structure and toxicity of these hazardous substances and to develop a new system for the removal of toxicity from refractory colored wastewater. In this study, Ozonation with biological treatment and adsorption using a high-efficient adsorbent are investigated as key technologies. Decoloration and enhancement in biodegradability induced by ozonation and further removal of hazardous substances by following biological treatment are studied in the former. The development of a high-efficient adsorbent containing a layer structure and the establishment of its regeneration method are studied in the latter. In addition, a new system combined with these key technologies are developed.
  14. 1)Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI et al., Variation of Biodegradability of Nitrogenous Organic Compounds by Ozonation, Wat.Res., 28, 1563-1570(1994)
    2)Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI et al., 0zonolysis of Humic Acid and its Effect on Decoloration and Biodegradability, Ozone Sci.& Eng., 17, 511-525(1995)
  1. Degradation of Synthetic Chemicals in Sediment
  2. 1992-1994
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanisms, fate
  5. chemistry, biology, ecology
  6. Yoshitaka YONEZAWA, Shigeki MASUNAGA, Manabu FUKUI, Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA
  7. Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div. Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8311
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Transformation reactions of chemicals in the sediment is important for estimating of their fate in the environment, because sediment layer accumulate a great deal of man-made chemicals discharged from industrial activities. We studied transformation pathwayes of tri-n-butyltin and trichloro-benzene in Ise bay sediment. The results showed that the transformation pathwayes and activities were affected by sulfate reducing activity in the sediment. The contribution of abiotic reaction in sediment were studied by benzonitril transformation.The results showed that the abiotic reaction mediated by the extracted sediment protein fraction was responsible for at least part of the reaction occurring in raw sediment.
  14. 1) S. Masunaga, et al. T ransformation of para-Substituted Benzonitriles in Sediment and in Sediment Extract Water Sci. Technol. 28:123-132 1993.
    2) Dechlorination of 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene in the Sediment of Ise Bay. 1994. Yonezawa, Y., M. Fukui, S. Masunaga, and Y. Urushigawa. Chemosphere 28:2179-2184
    3) Degradation of Tri-n-butyltin in Ise bay Sediment. Yonezawa, Y., M. Fukui, T. Yoshida, A. Ochi, T. Tanaka, Y.i Noguti, T. Kowata, Y.i Sato, S. Masunaga, and Y. Urushigawa. 1994. Chemosphere. 29:1349-1356
  1. Microbial Remediation of Polluted Environment
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanisms, fate
  5. chemistry, biology, ecology
  6. Yoshitaka YONEZAWA, Hideki MASUNAGA, Yuichi SUWA, Yasutoshi MATSUI, Fumio YAMAGUTI, Manabu FUKUI, and Rie TAKEUCHI., Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA
  7. Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div. Hydroshperic EnvironmentalProtection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8311
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Many physical and chemical means for eliminating hazardous organic chemicals have been developed and examined. Authentic techniques which have been developed for waste water treatment could be effective for the highly polluted and space-limited sites, but they may not be for the less polluted and spacious sites. Bioremediation is a new technology which is considered the most effective mean for the latter cases. Our studies are focusing on the following topics.
    1) Determination of biodegradation activities and pathways of hazardous organic chemicals in polluted sites.
    2) Enrichment and activity control of microorganisms responsible for hazardous organic chemicals degradation at a low concentration.
    3) Physiological and genetical charcterization of microorganisms responsible for degradation of hazardous organic chemicals at a low concentration.
    We have heavily industrialized coastal areas, of which sediment sometimes receives large amounts of hazerdous chemicals, in Japan,. In such polluted coastal environment, chlorinated organic compounds are major concern because of their wide use, toxicity and recalcitrance in environment. In general, highly chlorinated compounds are more toxic and persistence against biological degradation than less chlorinated in anaerobic environment. Dechlorinated compounds could be subjected to totally degraded to carbon dioxide by microbes in aerobic environment. Therefore, anaerobic dechlorination has been thought to be the most important step for elimination of chrolinated compounds from the environments, and thus biological dechlorination processes in anaerobic estuarine sediment has become of the greatest interest in environmental sciences.
  14. 1) Microbial degradation technology of hazardous chemicals (How can we evaluate the in situ microbial activety,Reaction kinetics)Yonezawa, Y. Sigen-to-kankyou 5,(1),51-58 (in Japanese).
    2) Pathway and rate ofchlorophenol transformation in anaerobic esturine sediment. Masunaga, S., Susarla, S., Gundersen, J. L., Yonezawa, Y. Environ. Sci., Technol. 30(4):1253-1260
    3) Transformation of chloronitrobenzenes in anaerobic sediment Susarla, S., Masunaga, S., Yonezawa, Y. Chemosphere 32:967-972 1996/4/1

Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute(HNIRI), Japan

  1. Removal of Artificial Toxicants in Dilute Aqueous Solution by Chemical Reduction
  2. 1989-1995
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanizm, water treatment
  5. engineering, chemistry
  6. Tetsuo Senzaki, Yoshio Noda, Yoshikazu Suzuki, Kozo Ishizaki
  7. Bioengineering Section, Bioscience and Chemistry Section
  8. HINIRI, AIST, MITTI
  9. 2-17 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohiraku, Sapporo 062
  10. Japan
  11. 81-011-857-8400
  12. 81-011-857-8900
  13. This study aims to develop a new method for removing artificial toxicants in water. For this purpose we use reducing agents such as catalytic iron to degrade the toxicants chemically into harmless substances, producing a more acceptable water by environmental standards.
  14. 1) Tetsuo Senzaki et.al., Conversion of Refractory and Toxic Organics to Harmless Substances, Industrial Water, 369 19-26 1989 6
    2) Tetsuo Senzaki et.al., Conversion of Refractory and Toxic Organics to Harmless Substances, Industrial Water, 391 29-35 1991 4

National Industrial Research Institute of Nagoya(NIRIN), Japan

  1. Study on Environmental Purification Technology Using Ceramics Photocatalyst
  2. 1995-1998
  3. water, wastes, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanism and purification, conuter measures
  5. engineering
  6. Hiroshi TAODA, Eiji WATANABE, Kazumi KATO, Kozo ISEDA
  7. Ecomaterial Lab., Multi-functional Material Science Dept.
  8. NIRIN, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462
  10. Japan
  11. 81-52-911-2111
  12. 81-52-916-2802
  13. Recently, pollution of valuable water due to daily waste water or industrial waste water has been spreading on the earthwide scale to become a world wide problem. The treatment of waste water using TiO2 photocatalyst is able to decompose toxic and bioresistant organic pollutants readily. In such water treatment studies, TiO2 powders in general have been utilized as photocatalyst. TiO2 film photocatalysts have several advantages:1)it is easy to treat,
    2)filtration is not necessary to separate catalysts from treated water, 3)continuous treatment of waste water is possible. In this study, the development of highly active TiO2 film photocatalysts prepared by sol-gel method, the research on the destruction of bioresistant organic pollutants and the development of water treatment system using the TiO2 film photocatalysts are being performed.
  14. Hiroshi Taoda, Eiji Watanabe and Kazumi Kato, Photocatalytic Treatment of Organochlorine Compounds Using Catalyst Films, J.Water and Waste, 38, 290-296, 1996