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Environmental Technology Research Network
in the Asia-Pacific Region

DB for Research Project
Category : Water


  1. Project Name
  2. Duration
  3. Research Catagory 1
  4. Research Catagory 2
  5. Research Field
  6. Researchers
  7. Affiliation 1
  8. Affiliation 2
  9. Address
  10. Country
  11. Phone
  12. Fax
  13. Project Summary
  14. Publications
  15. International Joint Study with

Indian Institute of Technology(IIT), India

  1. Numerical Modelling of Salinity Intrusion in the Hooghly Estuary
  2. 1993-1996
  3. pollutant dispersal, water
  4. counter measures, circulation and mixing, modeling
  5. coastal oceanography, chemistry
  6. SINHA P.C., DUBE S.K., RAO A.D.
  7. Centre for Atmospheric Sciences
  8. Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi
  9. IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016
  10. India
  11. 91-11-663642
  12. 91-11-6862037
  13. Numerical modelling of tidal circulation, salinity intrusion and pollutant and sediment transport are studied in a coastal water body, and their mixing processes as well as physical properties are elucidated.
  14. 1) P.C. Sinha et al., A mathematical Model & Tidal Circulation in Estuaries, Nonlinear World, 1995, 257-273.
    2) P.C. Sinha et al., Numerical Modelling of Circulation and Salinity Intrusion in Hooghly Estuary, 1996.

Monash University (MU), Australia

  1. Research, monitoring and improvements at Lake Guthridge, Sale
  2. 1996-1997
  3. water
  4. measurement, monitoring
  5. biology, ecology, chemistry
  6. Wendy WRIGHT, Robert LYALL
  7. School of Applied Science
  8. Monash University (MU)
  9. Switchback Rd, Churchill, 3842
  10. Australia
  11. 161-3-99026854
  12. 161-3-99026738
  13. The aim of this study is to establish some baseline information about the chemistry and the ecology of Lake Guthridge, an artificial lake which acts as the area for storm-water collection in Sale, Victoria, Australia. This information will be as a comparison with future studies, and will provide background information on which to base management recommendations.
  14. 1)Wright, W. and Vincent, J. F. V. Herbivory and the Mechanics of Fracture in Plants, Biol. Rev. 71, pp40- 413, 1996
    2) Wright, W. and Illius, A. A Comparative Study of the Fracture Properties of Five Grasses, Functional Ecology 9, pp269-278, 1995
    3) Wright, W. Measurement and Significance of Fracture Properties of Grasses, J. Exp. Bot. Suppl. 43 (250) p38, 1992

Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST), Korea

  1. Emergency Response to Accidental Release and Explosion
  2. 1995-1998
  3. Disaster Prevention, air, water
  4. Accidental Release, countermeasure, risk management
  5. Air
  6. GHIM Y. S., MOON K.C., KIM J.S
  7. Environment Research Center
  8. Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)
  9. P.O. Box 131, Chenongryang Seoul Korea
  10. Korea
  11. 82-2-958-5817
  12. 82-2-958-5805
  13. Emergency Response, Accidental Release, Explosion
  1. Standardization of Environmental Remediation Activities
  2. 1995-1998
  3. Environmental Remediation, water, wastes
  4. RI-FS(Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study), countermeasure
  5. Remediation, biology
  6. GHIM Y. S., MOON K.C., KIM Y. P.
  7. Environment Research Center
  8. Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)
  9. P.O. Box 131, Chenongryang Seoul Korea
  10. Korea
  11. 82-2-958-5817
  12. 82-2-958-5805
  13. Remedial Investigation, Feasibility Study, Standardization
  1. STAR
  2. 1995-1996
  3. Environmental Engineering, wastes, water
  4. Soil Remediation, countermeasure
  5. Soil
  6. AHN, Kyu Hong
  7. Environment Research Center
  8. Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)
  9. P.O. Box 131, Chenongryang Seoul Korea
  10. Korea
  11. 82-2-958-5838
  12. 82-2-958-5805
  13. Soil Remediation, Surfactant Diesel Contamination

Mechanical Engineering Laboratory(MEL), Japan

  1. Evaluation Method for Manufacturing Systems
  2. 1992-1996
  3. global change, air, water, wastes, hazardous substances
  4. counter measures, source inventory, impact assessment, risk management
  5. engineering
  6. Shun'ichi SADO, Atsushi IWATA, Hideo INOUE
  7. Surface and Interface Technology Division,Department of Manufacturing Systems
  8. MEL, AIST, MITI
  10. Japn
  11. 81-298-61-7211
  12. 81-298-61-7167
  13. In order to reduce the ecological impact of manufacturing, it is necessary to minimize the environmental burden of each part of the system. We have developed a new computerized simulation method for assessing the environmental impact of proposed new products and manufacturing processes. Inputs to the simulator include environmental loads, and product and facility information. The materials and energy which are input to and output from the system under analysis are measured in "Ecounits", an index which represents the total environmental burden of the resources used and system outputs. The output from the simulator allows calculation of the predicted increment in ecounits caused by operation of the system. During tests of the simulator, the environmental impact of a hypothetical factory producing mechanical components was predicted, and the simulation method was shown to provide realistic and useful data.
  14. 1) Shun'ichi Sado, Atsushi, Iwata, Hideo Inoue, Seiji Nakahara, Nobuo Shikata, Ecofactory Manufacturing System for Future Generations and its Evaluation Method through Computer Simulation, Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing, 2, 79-84, 1994
    2) Shun'ichi Sado, Atsushi Iwata, Planning and Evaluation of Machinery Manufacturing Processes in Environmental Burden Respects, International Journal of Environmentally Conscious Design & Manufacturing, 4(1), 83-89, 1995

National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research(NIMC), Japan

  1. Advanced wastewater treatment for removal of arsenic and lead
  2. 1996-1999
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. counter measures, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry, engineering
  6. Masahito SATO, Shuzo TOKUNAGA, Akira UCHIUMI, Kazuhisa HIRATANI
  7. Process Synthesis Lab., Dept. of Chemical Systems,Inorganic Analysis Lab., Dept. of Analytical Chemistry,Dept. of Organic Materials
  8. NIMC, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-XXX-XX-6343
  12. 81-XXX-XX-6232
  13. To meet the amended effluent standards for arsenic and lead, a new advanced process is developed using rare-earth based materials and complexation agents.
  14. S.A. Wasay, et al, Adsorption of fluoride, phosphate and arsenate ions on lanthanum-impregnated silica gel, Water Environment Research, 68(3), 295-300 (1996).
  1. Application of Membrane Process for Recycle of Organic Detergent Solution
  2. 1994-1996
  3. Water
  4. Membrane,Separation, Recycle, conuter measures
  5. Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
  6. Masahito Sato, Kenji Haraya, Takashi Nakane, Hiroshi Yanagishita
  7. Separetion Engineering Lab. ,Deptment of Chemical Systems
  8. NIMC, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1 Higasi,Tukuba,Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-XXX-XX-4732
  12. 81-298-56-5687
  13. The electrical parts and food industries use a large amount of rinsing solution such as alcohol aqueous solutions in drying processes. Regenerating and recycling technology for these organic detergents is strongly desired. In order to regenerate and recycle organic solutions, an attractive energy-saving process, such as the membrane separation process, is needed. However, few reverse osmosis and pervaporation membranes for alcohol aqueous solutions are on the market. In this study, solvent-resist membranes of the solute separation or pervaporation process are being developed.
  14. 1) Hiroshi Yanagishita, Dai Kitamoto, Takashi Nakane; Separation of alcohol aqueous solution by pervaporation using asymmetric polyimide membrane, High Performance Polymer 7, 275-281, 1995

National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology(NIBH), Japan

  1. Methods for characterizing microbial ecosystems of oil biodegradation in sea water
  2. 1993-1997
  3. water, ocean
  4. monitoring
  5. biology
  6. Takanori HIGASHIHARA, Akihiko MARUYAMA, Yasuhiro KAWANO
  7. Applied microbiology department
  8. NIBH, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-XXX-XX-6022
  12. 81-XXX-XX-6005
  13. The research aims to develop techniques for monitoring vehavior of oil-degrading microorganisms under some oil-contained model environments, characterizing marine microbial community in oil-polluted environments and evaluating the effectiveness of various insitu biological oil-cleanup methods from the microbial ecological viewpoint.

National Institute for Resources and Environment(NIRE), Japan

  1. Japanese Study on the Behavior of Greenhouse Gases and Aerosols
  2. 1990-1999
  3. global change, air, water, ocean
  4. counter measures, reaction mechanism, measurement, monitoring, modeling
  5. chemistry, geophysics
  6. Takashi IBUSUKI, Koji TAKEUCHI, Shuzo KUTSUNA, Kazuhide KOIKE, Hitomi KOBARA
  7. Photoenergy Application Div., Global Warming Control Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8168
  12. 81-298-61-8158
  13. This project aims at conducting research and observation on long-term trend of greenhouse materials and on the material circulation and quantitative analysis of natural balance in order to estimate and predict influence of anthropogenic and natural greenhouse gases.
  1. Removal of Toxic Chlorinated Compounds in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents
  2. 1994-2000
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. counter measures
  5. chemistry, biology
  6. Akira MIYAZAKI, Shinji WADA, Kenji TATSUMI, Takao YAMAGISHI, Hiroyasu ICHIKAWA, Kengo MORIMOTO, Yousuke IIMURA
  7. Advanced Water Treatment Lab., Ecological Chemistry and Microbiology Lab., Hydrospheric Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8321
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. A large number of toxic organic compounds are present in pulp and paper mill effluents. The mills have been confronted with very seriousproblems, that is, the potential environmental impact of their effluents.In particular, low molecular chlorinated compounds have become of interest in recent years because of their tendency of bioaccumulation and mutagenic effects. It is hard to remove them by an activated sludge process because of biorefractory and it is also difficult to remove them by coagulation and sedimentation.
    We have developed removal of toxic organic compounds by combination treatment of an enzyme (oxidoreductase) and a cationic polymer coagulant.This treatment can be applied in the removal of chloroguaiacols and chlorocatechols from pulp and paper effluents. In addition, degradation and detoxification of coagulated matters by lignin-degradable fungi and anaerobic bacteria have been studied.
  14. 1) Kenji Tatsumi et. al.,Enzyme-Mediated Coupling of 3,4-Dichloro- anilines and Ferulic Acid, Environ. Sci. Technol., 28,210-215,1994,
    2) Removal of Phenols from Wastewater by Soluble and Immobilized Tyrosinase, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 42,854-858,1993, 3)Removal of Phenols and Aromatic Amines from Wastewater by a Combination Treatment with Tyrosinase and a Coagulant, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 45,304-309,1995.
  1. Elucidation of Material Cycle in Coasl Environment and Development of Monitoring Techniques 2 1994-1998
  3. water, ocean, hazardous substances, sediments
  4. measurement, fate, monitoring, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry
  6. Akira MIYAZAKI, Kenji BANSHO, Mamoru TOMINAGA, Hiroaki TAO, Akira@KIMURA, Takashi IMAGAWA, Nobuyoshi YAMASHITA
  7. Water Analysis Lab, Hydrospheric Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8338
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. The objectives of this project are to use artificial chemical substances, rare earth metals, heavy metals and lead isotopes as tracers to investigate the material cycle in the coastal environments and to develop analytical techniques and monitoring technique. Based on three-dimensional analysis of the tracers, the transition in the flow of substances into the marine environments in recent years and behavior in the environment will be elucidated.
  14. 1)Nobuyoshi Yamashita, Ultra-trace level measurement of non-orhto planar PCBs in sea water using in situ filtrate/adsorption water sampler, Journal of NIRE, 4, 4, 315(1995)
  15. Kiel Univ.,Germany
  1. The Origin and Accumulation of Hazardous Substances in East-Asia Seas
  2. 1995-1997
  3. Wide Marine Pollution, Organotin, Organohalogen Compounds, Mussel, ocean
  4. analysis, measurement, fate, monitoring, reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry, oceanography, toxicology
  6. Mamoru TOMINAGA, Takashi IMAGAWA
  7. Water Analysis Lab, Hydrospheric Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8338
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. The goal of the research project is to clarify the occurrence and behavior of hazardous substances in East-Asia seas by measuring organotin and organohalogen compounds in seawater, sediments and mussels. The main purpose of this year is to develop analytical and sampling methods for these compounds.
  14. C.RQuetel, H.Tao, M.Tominaga, A.Miyazaki, Anal. Chem.,(submitted)
  1. Biofuel Production for Environmental Preservation
  2. 1995-1998
  3. Microalgae, biofuel, waste water treatment, energy production, energy
  4. Incubation liquefaction, conuter measures
  5. Biology, chemistry, engineering
  6. Sigeki SAWAYAMA, Kenichiro TSUKAHARA, Sei-ichi INOUE, Tatsuo YAGISHITA, Tomoaki MINOWA, Tomoko OGI
  7. Biomass Laboratory Global Warming Control Department
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. . Japan
  11. . 81-298-61-8184
  12. . 81-298-61-8158
  13. . Hydrocarbon-rich microalgae is cultured in treated sewage water and fuel oil is recovered by liquefaction of microalgae.
  14. . Y.Dote, S.Sawayama, S.Inoue, T.Minowa, Recovery of liquid fuel from hydrocarbon rich microalgae by thermochemical liquefaction, Fuel 73,12 1855-1857, 1994
  1. Removal of Trihalomethane Precoursors from Refractory Colored Wastewater
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanism, counter measures
  5. chemistry,
  6. Akira MIYAZAKI, Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI, Toshihiro NAKAI, Yoshio SATOH, Hiroshi SAKAMOTO, Nobuyuki KIKUKAWA, Katsunori KOSUGE
  7. Advanced Water Treatment Div., Hydrospheric Environment Protection Dept.,Siliceous Meterials Div., Materials Processing Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. Japan
  11. 81-298-61-8322
  12. 81-298-61-8308
  13. Refractory colored water has a complex in composition and contains a variety of components such as dyestuffs and surfactants. These components are thought to have possibly a high trialomethane formation power and must be highly treated to protect hydrosperic environment, especially reservoir. The aim of this study is to investigate the relashionship between the structure and toxicity of these hazardous substances and to develop a new system for the removal of toxicity from refractory colored wastewater. In this study, Ozonation with biological treatment and adsorption using a high-efficient adsorbent are investigated as key technologies. Decoloration and enhancement in biodegradability induced by ozonation and further removal of hazardous substances by following biological treatment are studied in the former. The development of a high-efficient adsorbent containing a layer structure and the establishment of its regeneration method are studied in the latter. In addition, a new system combined with these key technologies are developed.
  14. 1)Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI et al., Variation of Biodegradability of Nitrogenous Organic Compounds by Ozonation, Wat.Res., 28, 1563-1570(1994)
    2)Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI et al., 0zonolysis of Humic Acid and its Effect on Decoloration and Biodegradability, Ozone Sci.& Eng., 17, 511-525(1995)
  1. Nitrogen Removal by a Membrane Reactor
  2. 1986-1992
  3. water
  4. reaction mechanisms
  5. engineering, chemistry, biology
  6. Yuichi SUWA1, Hiroki TOYOHARA2, Tsuneo Suzuki3, Tetsundo TASHIRO1, Takao YAMAGISHI1, Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA1
  7. 1, Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div., Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI; Chiyoda Corp.,; Hitachi PlantEngng. & Constr. Co. Ltd.,
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8318
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Nitrogen removal by a bioreactor equipped with membrane filtration was studied. Nitrogen and BOD removal rates were determined in following experimental conditions: BOD loading, 0.33-1.66 g l-1 d-1; Total Kjerdahl nitrogen (TKN) loading, 0.032-0.268 gN l-1 d-1; a BOD/TKN ratio, 1.8-24.5;a sludge retention time, 54-4,200 days. Grater than 97 % of organic carbon was removed regardless of BOD loading. The denitrification rate increased with BOD loading and percentage of removed TKN was increased with the BOD/TKN ratio in the influent. Ammoniua-nitrogen in wastewater with BOD/TKN ratio of 5.0 was completely removed by intermittent aeration. The denitrification rate reached 0.0074 gN VSS-1 d-1. The results obtained in this study demonstrates that a single-stage single-sludge activated sludge process with membrane filtration maintained both types of microorganisms, nitrifiers and denitrifiers, without loosing a high activity. 14 1) Suwa Y. et al. Simultenious Organic Carbon Removal-Nitrification by Activated sludge Process with Cross-Flow Filtration. J. Ferment. Bioengng. 67:119-125. 1989.
    2) Tashiro, T. et al. Ammonium Oxidation by an Activated Sludge Process with Cross-Flow Filtration. Hakkoukogaku. 68:31-34 (in Japanese).
    3) Suwa, Y. et al. The Effect of Increasing of Nitrogen Loading on Ammonium Oxidation by an Activated Sludge Process with Cross-Flow Filtration. Japan J. Water Pollutt. Res. 14:261-265 1991. (in Japanese).
    4) Suwa, Y. et al. Single-Sytage, Single-Sludge Nitrogen Removal by an Activated Sludge Process with Cross- Flow Filtration. Water Res. 26:1149-1157. 1992.
  1. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria with different sensitivities to (NH4)2SO4 in activated sludges
  2. 1986-1992
  3. water
  4. ammonia oxidizing bacteria, countermeasures
  5. engineering, microbiology
  6. Yuichi SUWA1, Yasuo IMAMURA2, Tsuneo SUZUKI3, Tetsundo TASHIRO1, and Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA1
  7. 1, Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div., Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI; Chiyoda Corp.,; Hitachi Plant Engng. & Constr. Co. Ltd.,
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8318
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Ammonia oxidizers were enumerated in 34 activated sludges, including sludges of which were from sewage treatment plants (S-sludge), nightsoil treatment plants (N-sludge), and activated sludges cultivated with organic (O-sludge) or inorganic (I-sludge) artificial wastewaters in the laboratory. Two media were used for enumeration, one containing 0.76 mM (AL medium) and the other 37.9 mM (AH medium) of (NH4)2SO4. The MPN estimated with AL medium were higher than those with AH medium in S-sludges, N-sludges, and O-sludges, while both media gave almost the same MPN for I-sludges. Ten ammonia oxidizers, all identified as Nitrosomonas spp., were isolated from sludge samples. Isolates obtained as predominants in S- and O-sludges were sensitive to (NH4)2SO4; they grew in medium containing 0.71 mM of (NH4)2SO4 but not in medium containing 35.7 mM of (NH4)2SO4. On the other hand, those obtained as predominants in an I-sludge, as well as ATCC strains grew in both media. The Monod equation described the relationship between (NH4)2SO4 concentration and nitrite production rates for (NH4)2SO4-insensitive strains but not for sensitive strains, which exhibited a relationship closer to the Haldane equation describing substrate inhibition kinetics. Among isolates obtained from a S-sludge sample, Km and Vmax values of an (NH4)2SO4-sensitive strain were much lower than those of an insensitive strain. Similarly, among laboratory sludge isolates, Km and Vmax values of an (NH4)2SO4-sensitive strain from an O-sludge were lower than those of an insensitive strain from an I-sludge. These results suggest that (NH4)2SO4-sensitive strains had a growth advantage in lower (NH4)2SO4 concentrations, while insensitive strains had an advantage in higher (NH4)2SO4 concentrations.
  14. 1) Tashiro, T. et al. Ammonium Oxidation by an Activated Sludge Processwith Cross-Flow Filtration. Hakkoukogaku. 68:31-34 (in Japanese).
    2) Suwa, Y. et al. Single-Sytage, Single-Sludge Nitrogen Removal by an Activated Sludge Process with Cross- Flow Filtration. Water Res. 26:1149-1157. 1992.
    3) Suwa, Y. et al. Ammnonia-Oxidizing Bactria with Doiffernt Sensitivities to (NH4)2SO4 in activated Sludge. Water Res. 28:1523-1532. 1994.
  1. Analysis of total microbial community structure and predominant nitrifying population in nitrifying activated sudges by moecular methods
  2. 1995-
  3. water
  4. ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, countermeasures, reaction mechanism
  5. engineering, microbiology, molecular biology
  6. William E. HOLBEN1, Kazuhiko NOTO2, Tatsuo SUMINO2, and Yuichi SUWA3
  7. University of Montana; Hitachi Plant Engineering and Construction Co. Ltd.,; Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div., Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN, U.S.A.
  11. 81-298-61-8318
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Total microbial community structure and predominant nitrifying population in each compartment of a model three-vessel system, which has a series of sequential nitrifying reactions, was analyzed by molecular methods. Ammonium nitrogen was supplied at a rate of 5.0 g-N.d-1.(L of granule)-1. A half each of ammonia nitrogen loaded into the system was oxidized to nitrite in the first and the second compartments, respectively, and nitrite oxidation was solely occurred in the third compartment. G+C content based fractionation of total bacterial community DNA revealed that populations having 50 and 68% G+C predominated in the first two compartments, and those having 60 and 68% G+C did in the third compartment. The 50% and 60% G+C populations likely represents ammonia- and nitrite- oxidizing populations, respectively, which are known to have this %G+C content and are active in these compartments. The 50% G+C population from the first compartment hybridized strongly with amo (ammonia monooxygenase) and hao (hydroxylamine oxidoreductase) gene probes from Nitrosomonas europaea, and that from the second compartment hybridized strongly to the hao probe but only weakly to the amo probe suggesting that the predominant ammonia-oxidizing populations in the first and second compartments might be different. It appears that these nitrification processes may be somewhat incompatible, resulting in a series of sequential reactions in this three vessel system.
  14. 1) Abstr. 96th Gen. Meet. Am. Soc. Microbiol.
  1. Sequence of the gene encoding a subunit of ammonia mono-oxygenase,amoa, from a (NH4)2SO4-sensitive ammonia-oxidizing bacteria isolated from activated sludge.
  2. 1994-
  3. water
  4. ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia monooxygenase, DNA, reaction mechanism, modeling
  5. engineering, microbiology, molecular biology
  6. Yuichi SUWA1, Kazuhiko NOTO2, Tatsuo SUMINO2, and Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA1
  7. Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div., Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI; Hitachi Plant Engineering and Construction Co. Ltd.,
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN, U.S.A.
  11. 81-298-61-8318
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Ammonia oxidizers play a key role in the global nitrogen cycle because they are solely responsible for oxidizing ammonia to nitrite. The ammonia oxidation is due to ammonia monooxygenase, Amo. Most of the previously described ammonia oxidizers are reportedly insensitive to ammonia toxicity. However, we have shown that (NH4)2SO4-sensitive ammonia oxidizers predominate in many waste water treatment facilities. Further, growth kinetics showed that sensitive strains have lower Km value with respect to the substrate. The aim of this study is to examine thedifferences between the amoa gene in substrate-sensitive and insensitive strains. Strain JL21 was isolated from a laboratory activated sludge and shown to grow on up to 5-10 mM (NH4)2SO4, whereas four ATCC ammonia oxidizing strains, two each of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosolobus strains, tolerated 35 mM (NH4)2SO4. The 16SrDNA sequence of JL21 was more similar to Nitrosolobus and Nitrosospira spp. than Nitrosomonas spp., which might indicate a unique phylogenetic position for the strain. A whole ammonia monooxygenase a gene (amoa) from JL21 was PCR-amplified and sequenced. It was shown that 76% of the nucleotide sequence was identical to that reported for Nitrosomonas europaea. Comparing amino acid sequences from these two strains, 83% identity was found. The result indicates that the Amoa sequence could be well-conserved regardless of sensitivity to the energy source.
  14. Abstr. 96th Gen. Meet. Am. Soc. Microbiol.
  1. Degradation of Synthetic Chemicals in Sediment
  2. 1992-1994
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanisms, fate
  5. chemistry, biology, ecology
  6. Yoshitaka YONEZAWA, Shigeki MASUNAGA, Manabu FUKUI, Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA
  7. Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div. Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8311
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Transformation reactions of chemicals in the sediment is important for estimating of their fate in the environment, because sediment layer accumulate a great deal of man-made chemicals discharged from industrial activities. We studied transformation pathwayes of tri-n-butyltin and trichloro-benzene in Ise bay sediment. The results showed that the transformation pathwayes and activities were affected by sulfate reducing activity in the sediment. The contribution of abiotic reaction in sediment were studied by benzonitril transformation.The results showed that the abiotic reaction mediated by the extracted sediment protein fraction was responsible for at least part of the reaction occurring in raw sediment.
  14. 1) S. Masunaga, et al. T ransformation of para-Substituted Benzonitriles in Sediment and in Sediment Extract Water Sci. Technol. 28:123-132 1993.
    2) Dechlorination of 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene in the Sediment of Ise Bay. 1994. Yonezawa, Y., M. Fukui, S. Masunaga, and Y. Urushigawa. Chemosphere 28:2179-2184
    3) Degradation of Tri-n-butyltin in Ise bay Sediment. Yonezawa, Y., M. Fukui, T. Yoshida, A. Ochi, T. Tanaka, Y.i Noguti, T. Kowata, Y.i Sato, S. Masunaga, and Y. Urushigawa. 1994. Chemosphere. 29:1349-1356
  1. Microbial Remediation of Polluted Environment
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanisms, fate
  5. chemistry, biology, ecology
  6. Yoshitaka YONEZAWA, Hideki MASUNAGA, Yuichi SUWA, Yasutoshi MATSUI, Fumio YAMAGUTI, Manabu FUKUI, and Rie TAKEUCHI., Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA
  7. Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div. Hydroshperic EnvironmentalProtection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8311
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Many physical and chemical means for eliminating hazardous organic chemicals have been developed and examined. Authentic techniques which have been developed for waste water treatment could be effective for the highly polluted and space-limited sites, but they may not be for the less polluted and spacious sites. Bioremediation is a new technology which is considered the most effective mean for the latter cases. Our studies are focusing on the following topics.
    1) Determination of biodegradation activities and pathways of hazardous organic chemicals in polluted sites.
    2) Enrichment and activity control of microorganisms responsible for hazardous organic chemicals degradation at a low concentration.
    3) Physiological and genetical charcterization of microorganisms responsible for degradation of hazardous organic chemicals at a low concentration.
    We have heavily industrialized coastal areas, of which sediment sometimes receives large amounts of hazerdous chemicals, in Japan,. In such polluted coastal environment, chlorinated organic compounds are major concern because of their wide use, toxicity and recalcitrance in environment. In general, highly chlorinated compounds are more toxic and persistence against biological degradation than less chlorinated in anaerobic environment. Dechlorinated compounds could be subjected to totally degraded to carbon dioxide by microbes in aerobic environment. Therefore, anaerobic dechlorination has been thought to be the most important step for elimination of chrolinated compounds from the environments, and thus biological dechlorination processes in anaerobic estuarine sediment has become of the greatest interest in environmental sciences.
  14. 1) Microbial degradation technology of hazardous chemicals (How can we evaluate the in situ microbial activety,Reaction kinetics)Yonezawa, Y. Sigen-to-kankyou 5,(1),51-58 (in Japanese).
    2) Pathway and rate ofchlorophenol transformation in anaerobic esturine sediment. Masunaga, S., Susarla, S., Gundersen, J. L., Yonezawa, Y. Environ. Sci., Technol. 30(4):1253-1260
    3) Transformation of chloronitrobenzenes in anaerobic sediment Susarla, S., Masunaga, S., Yonezawa, Y. Chemosphere 32:967-972 1996/4/1
  1. Behaviors of Synthetic Organic Compounds in Coastal Environment
  2. 1987-1991
  3. water, hazardous substances, others
  4. fate, modeling
  5. chemistry, biology, physics
  6. Kisaburo NAKATA, Fumio HORIGU,Shigeki MASUNAGA, Manabu FUKUI, Yoshitaka YONEZAWA,
  7. Marin Environment Div. of Environmental Assessment Dept. and Ecological Chemistry and MicrobilogyDiv. Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8311
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. In order to develop a mnumerical model estimating the behavior of discharged pollutants to coastal environment, we survayed distributions and behaviors of chlrobenzens and butyltins in Ise Bay. Their distribution patterns in the surface sediment were explained by the following effects: the distance from the source, the horizontal transport caused by the river inflows, and the sedimentation caused by downward water flow. The transportation of the pollutants from surface water to bottom sediment was explained by the process of their absorption to suspended matter and their settling on suspended matter.
  14. 1) The distribution of chlorobenzenes in the bottom sediment of Ise Bay. 1991. Masunaga, S., Y. Yonezawa, and Y.Urushigawa. Water Res. 25:275-288.
    2) The Behavior of chlorobenzenes in Ise Bay, estimeted from their concentration in various environmental media. 1991. Masunaga, S., Y. Yonezawa and Y. Urushigawa. Water Res. 25:289-297
    3) Distribution of Butyltins in the surface sediment of Ise Bay, Japan. Yonezawa, Y., K. Nakata, Y. Miyakozawa, A. Ochi, T. Kowata, H. Fukawa, Y. Sato, S. Masunaga and Y. Urushigawa. 1993. Environ. Toxicol. and Chem. 12:1175-1184
    4) Partitioning of chlorobenzenes between suspended particulate and water in coastal waters. Masunaga, S., Yonezawa, Y., Fukui, M., Urushigawa, Y. J. Environ. Sci. & Health 1996. A31(4):887-903
  1. Removal of nitroarmatic compounds by activated sludge processes
  2. 1992-present
  3. waste water, water
  4. waste water treatment engineering, conuter measures
  5. engineering microbiology chemistry
  6. Yasutoshi, MATSUI, Yuichi SUWA, Fumio YAMAGUCHI, Yoshikuni URUSHIGAWA, Yoshitaka, YONEZAWA
  7. Ecological Chemistry and Microbilogy Div. Hydroshperic Environmental Protection Dept.
  8. NIRE, AIST, MITI
  9. 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305
  10. JAPAN
  11. 81-298-61-8316
  12. 81-298-61-8309
  13. Nitroarmotic compounds are important products/intermediates of chemical industries, which are widely used as dyes, pesticides, plasticizers,explosives, and solvents. Nitroaromatics are generally resistant to biodegradation and potential environmental contaminants, which have beendetected from environments. We selected p-nitrophenol (PNP) and2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) as model substances, and have developed wastewateer treatment techniques. We found that the operational mode of the PNP acclimation of activated sludges strongly affected the PNP degradation features of predominant PNP degraders. PNP degraders enriched by a continuous reactor had higher affinity to PNP and were relatively sensitive to PNP concentration. We isolated representative PNP degraders from both types of reactors, and are further characterizing them enzymatically and genetically.
  14. 1) Matsui Y. et al. Growth Characteristics of Activated Sludges Acclimated to para-Nitrophenol in Batch and Continuous Modes. Wat. Sci. Technol. 29:327-333. 1994.
    2) Matsui Y. et al. Variety of 4-Nitrophenol Degradation Kinetics by Bacterial Isolates from Activvated Sludges. Abstr. 95th Gen. Met. Am. Soc. Microbiol. 1994.

Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute(HNIRI), Japan

  1. Removal of Artificial Toxicants in Dilute Aqueous Solution by Chemical Reduction
  2. 1989-1995
  3. water, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanizm, water treatment
  5. engineering, chemistry
  6. Tetsuo Senzaki, Yoshio Noda, Yoshikazu Suzuki, Kozo Ishizaki
  7. Bioengineering Section, Bioscience and Chemistry Section
  8. HINIRI, AIST, MITTI
  9. 2-17 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohiraku, Sapporo 062
  10. Japan
  11. 81-011-857-8400
  12. 81-011-857-8900
  13. This study aims to develop a new method for removing artificial toxicants in water. For this purpose we use reducing agents such as catalytic iron to degrade the toxicants chemically into harmless substances, producing a more acceptable water by environmental standards.
  14. 1) Tetsuo Senzaki et.al., Conversion of Refractory and Toxic Organics to Harmless Substances, Industrial Water, 369 19-26 1989 6
    2) Tetsuo Senzaki et.al., Conversion of Refractory and Toxic Organics to Harmless Substances, Industrial Water, 391 29-35 1991 4
  1. Study on High Quality Adsorbent for Environmental Protection
  2. 1993-1996
  3. water, air, activated carbon, lignite
  4. pollution control, adsorption, conuter measures
  5. environment, engineering, chemistry,
  6. Kozo ISHIZAKI, Yoshio NODA, Katsutoshi YAMADA,
  7. Analytical Chemistry Section, Bioscience and Chemistry Division
  8. HNIRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 2-17 Tsukisamu-higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062
  10. Japan
  11. 81-11-857-8910
  12. 81-11-857-8980
  13. In order to utilize the abundant resources of lignite and peat material in Thailand, this project aims to develop a technology for producing high quality adsorbent and apply it to air and water pollution control in the country.
  15. Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research

National Industrial Research Institute of Nagoya(NIRIN), Japan

  1. Studies of Development of Biological Purification Systems Using Non-Reused Local Materials for the Improvement of Water Environment
  2. 1994-1996
  3. water, wastes
  4. biological purification system, conuter measures
  5. engineering, chemistry
  6. Motohiro TORIYAMA, Yoshiyuki YOKOGAWA, Yukari KAWAMOTO, Kaori NISHIZAWA, Fukue NAGATA, Hajime NAGAE,
  7. Engineering Ceramcs Lab., Ceramic Science Dept., Bioceramics Lab., Manufacturing Technology Lab, Ceramic Technology Dept.,
  8. NIRIN, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 462
  10. Japan
  11. 81-52-911-2111
  12. 81-52-916-6993
  13. This study aims at developing in situ water treatment systems employing recycled local materials for use in rivers and lakes . Waste ceramic materials have been considered potentially useful as recycling materials for preparation of porous carriers supporting microbial adhesion and growth. Effective microorganisms, including aerobes and anaerobes, used in the purification of water supplies are immobilized in the surface-modified porous ceramics by immersing the ceramics into a seed culture broth. Design and synthesis methods for porous ceramics carriers with enhanced microbial functions from recyclable waste materials are investigated.
  14. 1) Kaori Nishizawa, Takahiro Suzuki, Motohiro Toriyama, Yoshiyuki Yokogawwa Yukari Kawamoto, Fukue Nagata, Michael Roger Mucalo, Tetsuya Kameyama, Surface Modification of Bioceramics and the Effects of their Surface Characteristics on the Adhesion of Anchorage-Dependent Animal Cells, Proceedings of First International Conferenced on Adhesion Science, 1995.
    2) Takahiro Suzuki, Kaori Nishizawa, Yoshiyuki Yokogawa, Fukue Nagata, Yukari Kawamoto, and Tetsuya Kameyama, Time-Dependent Variation of the Surface Structure of Bioceramics in Tissue Culture Medium and the Effect on Adhesiveness of Cells, J.Fermentation and Bioengineering, 81, 226-233, 1996
    3) Kaori Nishizawa et.al., Effects of the Surface Wettability and Zeta Potential of Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics on the Adhesion and Growth of Anchorage-Dependent Animal Cells, Reports of the National Industrial Research Institute of Nagoya, 44, 8-14, 1995
  1. Study on acid rain in east Asia
  2. 1996-2000
  3. Air, Water
  4. Monitoring
  5. Chemistry
  6. Kazuhiko TANAKA, Kazutoku OHTA, Masamichi FURUKAWA, Tooru SHIMIZU
  7. Analytical Chemistry Lab. Department of Chemistry
  8. NIRIN, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1,Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 462
  10. Japan
  11. 81-52-911-2111
  12. 81-52-916-2802
  13. The purpose of this joint reearch is to establish an automatic monitoring system for measuring the global environmental pollutants such as acid rain components in east-Asia region. The main research activities to be performed at the NIRIN, University of Tasmania(Australia), Texas Texh University(USA), Chungbuk National University(Korea) are the development of acid rain monitoring network system consisting of the ion chromatograph for monitoring the acid rain components including sulfate, nitrate, chloride, bicarbonate(alkalinity), sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium ions in rain and environmental waters and the meteorological analyzer with a satellite.
  14. 1)K.Tanaka et al.,Ion-exclusion chromatography with conductimetric detection of aliphatic carboxylic acids on an H{-form cation-exchange resin by elution with polyols and sugars,J.Chromatogr.A,706,385-393,1995.
    2)K.Tanaka, P.R.Haddad, Acid rain monitoring by ion- exclusion/cation-exchange chromatography, Trends in Anal. Chem.,in press.
    3)K.Ohta et al.,Non-suppressed ion chromatography of inorganic anions, magnesium and calcium ions using apyromellitate eluent and its application in evaluating environmental water quality, J.Chromatogr.A,in print.
  15. University of Tasmania(Australia), Texas Tech University(USA), Chungbuk National University(Korea)
  1. Study on Environmental Purification Technology Using Ceramics Photocatalyst
  2. 1995-1998
  3. water, wastes, hazardous substances
  4. reaction mechanism and purification, conuter measures
  5. engineering
  6. Hiroshi TAODA, Eiji WATANABE, Kazumi KATO, Kozo ISEDA
  7. Ecomaterial Lab., Multi-functional Material Science Dept.
  8. NIRIN, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-1 Hirate-cho, Kita-ku, Nagoya 462
  10. Japan
  11. 81-52-911-2111
  12. 81-52-916-2802
  13. Recently, pollution of valuable water due to daily waste water or industrial waste water has been spreading on the earthwide scale to become a world wide problem. The treatment of waste water using TiO2 photocatalyst is able to decompose toxic and bioresistant organic pollutants readily. In such water treatment studies, TiO2 powders in general have been utilized as photocatalyst. TiO2 film photocatalysts have several advantages:1)it is easy to treat,
    2)filtration is not necessary to separate catalysts from treated water, 3)continuous treatment of waste water is possible. In this study, the development of highly active TiO2 film photocatalysts prepared by sol-gel method, the research on the destruction of bioresistant organic pollutants and the development of water treatment system using the TiO2 film photocatalysts are being performed.
  14. Hiroshi Taoda, Eiji Watanabe and Kazumi Kato, Photocatalytic Treatment of Organochlorine Compounds Using Catalyst Films, J.Water and Waste, 38, 290-296, 1996

Osaka National Research Institute(ONRI), Japan

  1. Material System Development for Enhancing Ground Water Bioremediation (2)Activated Carbon Based System for Enhancing Ground Water Bioremediation
  2. 1996-1999
  3. ground water, activated carbon fiber, water
  4. bioremediation, material system, enhancing, measurement
  5. chemistry, engineering, biology, ecology
  6. Takako HONJOH*, Kazuhiro FUJITA**, Shigeo TANASE*, Yoshihiro SAWADA** 7 *;Ionic Chemistry Section, **;High Temperature Materials Section,
  7. Energy Conversion Department
  8. ONRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563
  10. Japan
  11. 81-727-51-9614
  12. 81-727-51-9622
  13. The aim of this study is to investigate the material system development for enhancing ground water bioremediation. Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) have high adsorptive properties and easy handling. When they are applied to adsorbent for purification of ground water, direct purification treatment will be possible using these advantages. New technology bioremediation, which removes pollution by biological activity, may be one of the most ecologically desirable method. The cost may be lower than that of conventional methods, although improvement of remediation speed and environmental influence of utilized microorganism should be cared. For the development of the system mentioned above, various surface treatments, mechanical
  14. properties, surface characterization, bioremediation property for organic chlorine compounds of ACFs are investigated in our institute.
  1. Acid Rain Monitoring System
  2. 1996-2000
  3. air, water
  4. measurement, monitoring
  5. chemistry
  6. Kunishige HIGASHI, Shin-ichi WAKIDA, Masataka YAMANE, Sahori TAKEDA, Jun SHIROMA, Naohide TAIRA
  7. Environmental Chemistry Section, Department of Energy and the Environment
  8. ONRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563
  10. Japan
  11. 81-727-51-9659
  12. 81-727-51-9629
  13. The quick development in industry and economics in East Asia brings large amount of emission of air pollutants, for examples, sulfur and nitrogen dioxides, into the atmosphere, especially from coal burning power plants. Therefore, acid rain is very important environmental problem in East Asia region. In order to clarify and evaluate the effect of acid rain on the acidification of natural and urban environment, the multilateral cooperative research on development of an advanced acid rain monitoring system is carried. This cooperative research includes following contents; (1) study on development of sensors for measuring the primary components of acid rain, (2) fundamental study on development of automatic monitoring system for measuring the acid rain components, and (3) study on development of the prediction model for environmental influence of acid deposition,are carried out among universities and institutions in APEC members. ONRI is mainly engaged in the research on sensors.
  14. 1)S.Wakida et al, A Preliminary Application of Highly Sensitive Nitrate ISFETs to Acid-Rain Monitoring, Sensors and Actuators, B 24-25,222-224, 1995.
  15. Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
  1. Dynamic Behavior of Organic Substances in Lake Water and Their Origins
  2. 1995-1997
  3. water
  4. measurement
  5. chemistry
  6. Kunishige HIGASHI, Shin-ichi WAKIDA, Masataka YAMANE, Sahori TAKEDA,Jun SHIROMA, Naohide TAIRA
  7. Environmental Chemistry Section, Department of Energy and the Environment
  8. ONRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563
  10. Japan
  11. 81-727-51-9659
  12. 81-727-51-9629
  13. Water pollution with organic substances is continuing in many lakes.It is important to analyze a behavior of the organic substances to maintain the lake water environment. A development of effective separation methods for the organic substances is required. In this research, high performance gel chromatography to measure molecular weight distribution of organic substances and capillary electrophoresis of high resolution are studied. Fundamental analytical conditions were studied, and these methods were applied to lake water or wastewaters.
  1. Removal of Trihalomethane Precursors from Refractory Colored Wastewater
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water
  4. countermeasures
  5. chemistry
  6. Kunishige HIGASHI, Shin-ichi WAKIDA, Masataka YAMANE, Sahori TAKEDA, Jun SHIROMA, Naohide TAIRA
  7. Environmental Chemistry Section,Department of Energy and the Environment
  8. ONRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563
  10. Japan
  11. 81-727-51-9659
  12. 81-727-51-9629
  13. Colord wastewater discharged from factories especially in dyeing industry contains refractory coloring compounds such as dyestuffs. Since these compounds usually show remarkably high trihalomethane forming potential, much attention has been focused on their hazardous nature especially in the source area of public water supply. In this research, a novel electrolytic decomposition method using solid polymer electrolyte(SPE) was studied. As the SPE membrane and the anode, Nafion(du Pont) and B-PbO2 were used, respectively. Excellent decolorization was obtained for the dyestuffs. And decomposition characteristics were evaluated.
  14. 1) K.Higashi et al, Research Survey on Prevention of Pollution by Wastewater Containing Dyestuffs No1, Mizushori gijutsu (Water Purification and Liquid Wastes Treatment), 37, 187-200, 1996.
    2) K.Higashi et al, Research Survey on Prevention of Pollution by Wastewater Containing Dyestuffs No2, Mizushori gijutsu (Water Purification and Liquid Wastes Treatment), 37, 241-250, 1996.

Chugoku National Industrial Research Institute(CNIRI), Japan

  1. Measurements
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water, wastes
  4. measurement
  5. chemistry, toxicology
  6. Shizuko HIRATA, Akira HOSHIKA, Hideki UESHIMA
  7. Marine Environment Section, Marine Environmental Science and Technology
  8. CNIRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 2-2-2 Hiro-suehiro, Kure, Hiroshima 737-01
  10. Japan
  11. 81-823-72-1931
  12. 81-823-72-1998
  13. The aim of this study is to develope advanced techniques for analysis of toxic substances in polluted soils. From the point of view of preventing human health and ecosystem from being polluted by toxic substances from industry and anthropogenic pesticides, 25 chemical materials were designated as items requiring surveillance. The purpose of this project is to advance techniques for analysis of surveillance items solubilized from polluted soils, such as antimony, molybdenum, nickel, boron and so on. This year we present noble analytical techniques for characteristics and determination of antimony solubilized from the artificial synthesized and polluted soils.
  14. 1)Shizuko HIRATA, Yukimasa HASHIMOTO, Masato AIHARA and G.V. Mallika, On-line column preconcentration for the determination of cobalt in sea water by flow-injection chemiluminescence detection, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 354 (1996) (in press). 2)Kichiichiro KAWANA, Akira HOSHIKA, Shizuko HIRATA, K. SUGIO, A.F. GIMENEZ and W.G. TESSLER, Environmental impacts caused by industrial waste in subtropical coastal waters. IGBP, Regieonal Conference on global change. (1995).

Shikoku National Industrial Research Institute(SNIRI), Japan

  1. Research on Technology for Immobilized Marine Oil-Degrading Microorganisms and Methods for Characterizing Microbial Ecosystem of Oil Biodegradation in Sea Water
  2. 1993-1997
  3. water,ocean,oil biodegradation
  4. bioreactor development, conuter measures
  5. chemistry,biology
  6. Hiroshi KAMISHIMA,Satoshi FUKUOKA,Hideki OBIKA,Hirotaka KAKITA,Zhong-Fu LI
  7. Biological Function Div,Marine Resources Dept,SNIRI,AIST,MITI
  8. 2217-14,Hayashi-cho,Takamatsu,Kagawa 761-03
  9. Japan
  10. 81-878-69-3511
  11. 81-878-69-3553
  12. The object of this study is to develop the environmentally available bioreactor system for degradation of spilt oil in sea water.It is planned to co-immobilize marine oil-degrading microorganisms and nutrients in the bioreactor carrier to improve the biodegradation rate.
  13. 1)Zhong-Fu Li et.al.,Improvement of Immobilizations Conditions for Biodegradation of Floating Oil by a Bio-System Co-Immobilizing Marine Oil-Degrading Yeast Candida sp. and Nutrients,Seibutsu-Kogaku Kaishi,73,295-299,1995.

Kyushu National Industrial Research Institute(KNIRI), Japan

  1. Syntheses of Biodegradable Adsorbents for Recovering Rare Metals
  2. 1995-1999
  3. water
  4. reaction mechanism
  5. chemistry
  6. Yoshinari INUKAI, Yasuhiko KAIDA, Seiji YASUDA
  7. Materials Chemistry Department
  8. KNIRI, AIST, MITI
  9. 807-1 Shuku-Machi, Tosu, Saga 841
  10. Japan
  11. 81-942-82-5161
  12. 81-942-83-0850
  13. Valuable materials used must be recovered and recycled to minimize environmental disruption, and in addition, the technology for recovering and recycling materials itself must be well-adapted to the environment.In these viewpoints, we develop the syntheses of biodegradable adsorbents using polysaccharides for selective separation and recovery of semimetals, which have attracted great attention because of their unique electronic, chemical and biological properties as well as their industrial applications.
  14. 1)Yoshinari INUKAI et al., Adsorption Behavior of Semimetals on Polysaccharide Derivatives, Prepr. 44th Annu. Meeting Jpn. Soc. Ana. Chem., 481, 1995 (in Jpn.)