Mechanical Engineering Laboratory (MEL), Japan
1. Project Name
2. Duration
3. Research Category 1
4. Research Category 2
5. Research Field
6. Researchers
7. Affiliation 1
8. Affiliation 2
9. Address
10. Country
11. Phone
12. Fax
13. Project Summary
14. Publications
15. International Joint Study with
1 Evaluation Method for Manufacturing Systems
2 1992-1996
3 global change, air, water, wastes, hazardous substances
4 counter measures, source inventory, impact assessment, risk management
5 engineering
6 Shun'ichi SADO, Atsushi IWATA, Hideo INOUE
7 Surface and Interface Technology Division,
Department of Manufacturing Systems
8 MEL, AIST, MITI
10 Japn
11 81-298-61-7211
12 81-298-61-7167
13 In order to reduce the ecological impact of manufacturing, it is necessary to
minimize the environmental burden of each part of the system. We have
developed a new computerized simulation method for assessing the environmental
impact of proposed new products and manufacturing processes. Inputs to the
simulator include environmental loads, and product and facility information.
The materials and energy which are input to and output from the system under
analysis are measured in "Ecounits", an index which represents the total
environmental burden of the resources used and system outputs.
The output from the simulator allows calculation of the predicted increment
in ecounits caused by operation of the system. During tests of the simulator,
the environmental impact of a hypothetical factory producing mechanical
components was predicted, and the simulation method was shown to provide
realistic and useful data.
14 1) Shun'ichi Sado, Atsushi, Iwata, Hideo Inoue, Seiji Nakahara, Nobuo Shikata,
Ecofactory Manufacturing System for Future Generations and its Evaluation
Method through Computer Simulation, Environmentally Conscious Design and
Manufacturing, 2, 79-84, 1994
2) Shun'ichi Sado, Atsushi Iwata, Planning and Evaluation of Machinery
Manufacturing Processes in Environmental Burden Respects, International
Journal of Environmentally Conscious Design & Manufacturing, 4(1), 83-89,
1995
15
1 Application of DeNOx Catalyst to Diesel Engines
2 1996-1999
3 air
4 counter measures
5 engineering
6 Keizo SAITO, Jun HAMA, Eiichi SHINOYAMA, Osamu SHINOZAKI Akira MURAKAMI
7 Environmental Engineering Div., Energy Engineering Dept.
8 MEL, AIST, MITI
9 1-2 Namiki Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564
10 Japan
11 81-298-61-7082
12 81-298-61-7275
13 To countermearsure for Diesel exhaust emission, such as NOx and DEP, Diesel
Exhaust Particulate, the studies concerned about the application of DeNOx
Catalyst to Diesel Engines are conducted.
14
15
1 Exhaust Clarification of Diesel Engines by Activating Middle and Late Stage
of Combustion
2 1992-1995
3 air, hazardous substances
4 counter measures
5 engineering
6 Akira MURAKAMI, Jun HAMA, Hisao KOUDA
7 Combustion Engineering Division
Energy Engineering Department
8 MEL, AIST, MITI
9 1-2 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564
10 Japan
11 81-298-61-7258
12 81-298-61-7275
13 This research proposed a new combustion chamber to achieve the simultaneous
reduction of NOx and smoke from diesel engines. This combustion chamber
generates a strong disturbance in the middle and late stages of combustion
that enhances the smoke oxidation. The initial combustion occurs in a fuelrich
state in the prechamber and the middle and late stages of combustion occur in
a lean state mostly in the main chamber; hence, NOx is reduced. The
disturbancetends to shorten the combustion duration which compensates for the
tendency of the lean combustion to prolong the combustion duration.
Performance and emission characteristics of the test engines were examined,
then the results were discussed with respect to rate of heat releasein the
divided chambers and so on.
14 1) Akira Murakami, and Jun Hama, Exhaust Clarification of Diesel Engines by
Activating Middle and Late Stage of Combustion, Environmental Research in
Japan 1994, 29, 1995-8, Envir-onment Agency Japan.
2) Akira Murakami, Diesel Particulate and NOx Reduction: The Effects of a
Moving Bottom Auxiliary Combustion Chamber, Proc. of the 8th. International
Pacific Conference on Automotive Engineering, 139~144, 1995-11..
15
1 Evaluation of Product Dismantlability for High Quality Material Recycling
2 1996-1998
3 Waste, Global warming potential
4 counter measuring, others(product design)
5 manufactuirng engineering
6 Mitsuro HATTORI, Tohru WAIDA, Hideo INOUE
7 Machining Process Division, Department of Manufacturing Systems
8 MEL, AIST, MITI
9 1-2 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564
10 Japan
11 81 XXX XX 7072
12 81 XXX XX 7201
13 The ecologically conscious product depends mainly on how much consideration
is given toenvironmental issues in the design phase. In this project, design
strategy for materials selection and structure decision for aiming at resource
recycling, is investigated, and a developing prototype design support system
which is based on such strategy is introduced. In this system which is based
on commercially available CAD system and database, material candidates are
selected with solving trade-off relations among ecological, functional,
andeconomical criteria tohelp a designer's choice. Also, essential parts which
should be dismantled for resource recy-cling are pointed out, and dismantling
information such as manual operation time is estimated from CAD data and some
attribute data, to help a designer decide basic structure of product.
Selected joining method and products performance such asproducts strength
should be examined in the future work.
14 M. Hattori et. al., Fundamentals of Environmentally conscious Product Design,
Inter. J.of Environmentally Conscious Design & Manufacturing, Vol.4, No.1,
3-11,1995
M. Hattori et. al., Design Strategy for ecologically conscious product,
Proc. of 3rd Inter.Se-minar on Life Cycle Engineering, 99-106, 1996
15
1 Fundamental Research on Hydrogen-Oxygen Combustion System
2 1991-1996
3 gloval exchange
4 counter measures
5 engineering
6 Jun HAMA, Hirohide FURUTANI, Norihiko IKI, Sanyo TAKAHASHI
7 Combustion Engineering Division and Energy Conversion Division,
Department of Energy Engineering
8 MEL, AIST,MITI
9 Namiki 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564
10 Japan
11 81-298-61-7080,7081
12 81-298-61-7275
13 The objectives of this program are to research a new combustion control that
is necessary to develop a closed power system operated with hydrogen-oxygen
stoichiometric combustion in the working fluid of monatomic molecules or
superheated water vapor.
Ignition experiments using an ArF excimer laser are made for
hydrogen-oxygenargon mixtures to observe the phenomena from ignition to
flame formation, and to evaluate the minimum ignition laser energy under
various mixture conditions.
14 1) Jun Hama, Functional Tests of H2-O2 Combustion Gas Turbine with Inert-Gas
Recirculation,JSME-ASME International Conference on Power Engineerings-93,
, 475-480,1993
2) H2-O2 Combustion Gas Turbine with Inert-Gas Recirculation, New Energy
Systems and Conversion,,113-118,1993 @3)Hirohide Furutani et al.,
Ignition of Hydrogen-Oxygen Premixed Gases with Excimer Laser,,
113-118,1994
15
1 Evaluation of Hydrogen-Oxygen Combustion Turbine
2 1993-1996
3 gloval exchange
4 counter measures
5 engineering
6 Jun HAMA, Hirohide FURUTANI, Norihiko IKI, Sanyo TAKAHASHI,Toshio KODA
7 Combustion Engineering Division and Energy Conversion Division,
Department of Energy Engineering
8 MEL, AIST,MITI
9 Namiki 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564
10 Japan
11 81-298-61-7080,7081
12 81-298-61-7275
13 This task aims at establishing fundamental technologies that are needed to
evaluate hydrogen-oxygen combusted turbine systems.To develop the combustor
for hydrogen-combusted turbine systems, hydrogen-oxygen stoichiometric
combustion is required to be evaluated quantitatively. The combustion patterns
are analyzed by an image processing technique using faint ultraviolet
emissions caused by hydrogen combustion under the condition of low oxygen
concentration.
14 1) Jun Hama, Functional Tests of H2-O2 Combustion Gas Turbine with Inert-Gas
Recirculation,JSME-ASME International Conference on Power Engineerings-93,
, 475-480,1993
2) H2-O2 Combustion Gas Turbine with Inert-Gas Recirculation, New Energy
Systems and Conversion,,113-118,1993
15
1 Exhaust Clarification of Diesel Engines by Activating Middle and Late Stage of
Combustion
2 1993-1995
3 air, hazardous substances
4 counter measures
5 engineering
6 Akira, MURAKAMI, Jun HAMA, Toshio KODA
7 Department of Energy Engineering
8 MEL, AIST,MITI
9 Namiki 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564
10 Japan
11 81-298-61-7258
12 81-298-61-7275
13 In this research, a new combustion chamber was proposed to achieve the
simultaneous reduction in NOx and smoke from diesel engines. This combustion
chamber generates the strong disturbunce in the middle and late stage of
combustion that enhances the smoke oxidation. For the reduction of NOx, the
initial combustion occurs in fuelrich state in the auxiliary chamber and the
middle and the late combustion occures in lean state mostly in the main
chamber. The defect of lead combustion in the main chamber that prolongs the
combustion duration is compensated by the effect of the flow disturbunce that
shortens the combustion duration. According to this idea, the prototype
engines were built, then their performance and emission characteristics were
examined. Not all the results were completely desirable. However the potential
for improving the emission characteristics was clarified.
14 Akira, Murakami, Jun Hama, Kazuo Kontani, Exhaust Clarification of Diesel
Engines by Activating Middle and Late Stage of Combustion, Environmental
Research in Japan, 29-1, 1995-9
15
